Prepositions in English Grammar – Types, Rules, and Examples (With Hindi Explanation)
Prepositions in English Grammar – Types, Rules, and Examples (With Hindi Explanation)
Introduction – परिचय
Preposition (पूर्वसर्ग) एक ऐसा शब्द होता है जो noun या pronoun के साथ जुड़कर उसके और वाक्य के दूसरे हिस्से के बीच संबंध बताता है। यह संबंध स्थान (place), समय (time), दिशा (direction), कारण आदि का हो सकता है।
उदाहरण:
- The book is on the table.
- She went to school.
यहाँ on और to दोनों ही Prepositions हैं।
Definition of Preposition (परिभाषा)
A Preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relation with another word in the sentence.
Example:
- The pen is in the box.
(यहाँ "in" box और pen के बीच का स्थान दर्शा रहा है।)
Types of Prepositions – प्रकार
1. Prepositions of Place/Position (स्थान)
जो किसी चीज़ की स्थिति या स्थान बताते हैं।
Examples:
- on, in, at, over, under, above, below, behind, between
Examples in Sentences:
- The phone is on the table.
- She lives in Delhi.
- The book is under the pillow.
2. Prepositions of Time (समय)
जो किसी कार्य का समय दर्शाते हैं।
Examples:
- at, on, in, since, for, by, until
Examples:
- I will meet you at 5 PM.
- She was born on Monday.
- He lived here for two years.
3. Prepositions of Direction/Movement (दिशा/गति)
Examples:
- to, into, onto, out of, from, towards
Examples:
- She is going to school.
- He jumped into the pool.
- The cat ran out of the house.
4. Prepositions of Cause/Reason/Purpose
जो किसी कार्य के कारण या उद्देश्य को दर्शाते हैं।
Examples:
- because of, due to, for, from
Examples:
- The game was canceled due to rain.
- He was punished for being late.
5. Prepositions of Instrument/Agent
जो किसी कार्य के ज़रिये या माध्यम को दर्शाते हैं।
Examples:
- by, with
Examples:
- The letter was written with a pen.
- The poem was written by Tagore.
6. Prepositional Phrases
जब एक से ज़्यादा शब्द मिलकर Preposition जैसा काम करते हैं।
Examples:
- in front of, on behalf of, in spite of
Sentences:
- He is standing in front of the gate.
- She came on behalf of her father.
Important Rules of Prepositions – नियम
-
Prepositions हमेशा noun या pronoun से पहले आते हैं।
- सही: He sat on the chair.
- गलत: He sat the chair on.
-
"At" छोटे समय के लिए और "In" बड़े समय के लिए होता है।
- at 5 PM, at night
- in 2020, in March
-
"Since" का प्रयोग निश्चित समय से शुरू होकर अब तक के लिए होता है।
- I have been waiting since morning.
-
"For" का प्रयोग अवधि (duration) के लिए होता है।
- He lived here for 5 years.
-
"By" से कर्ता (doer) का पता चलता है, "With" से साधन (instrument)।
- The song was sung by Lata Mangeshkar.
- He cut the apple with a knife.
Common Prepositions List (अक्सर प्रयोग होने वाले Prepositions)
People Also Ask (PAA) – SEO Friendly FAQs
Q1. What is a preposition in simple words?
Ans: A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and other words in a sentence, such as "in," "on," "at," etc.
Q2. What are 10 common prepositions?
Ans: in, on, at, under, over, with, by, to, from, for.
Q3. What are the 5 types of prepositions?
Ans: Prepositions of Place, Time, Direction, Cause/Reason, and Instrument.
Q4. How do you use "by" and "with" correctly?
Ans: "By" shows who did the action, "with" shows the instrument used.
Example: The poem was written by Rumi with a pen.
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Conclusion (निष्कर्ष)
Prepositions भाषा को स्पष्ट और प्रभावी बनाने में बहुत मदद करते हैं। इन्हें सही जगह और सही context में इस्तेमाल करना बहुत जरूरी है। ऊपर दिए गए rules और examples के माध्यम से आपको अब Prepositions की बेहतर समझ मिल गई होगी।
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